Over the last 7 years or so I’ve teetered on the scale somewhere between advanced amateur and semi-professional photographer. The reason for the teeter is that one classification just doesn’t seem to fit everyone and I’m not everyone. Since about 2000, I’ve been taking photography pretty seriously, in spurts, but still with a good amount of vigor. During this time I’ve had images published in several national magazines, used for CD covers, promotional flyers, inserts in books, and countless websites and so on, so I’d say I’ve learned a few things along the way, mostly at a price and over a longer period of time than it should have been. Additionally, I’ve worked in the photographic print industry for the last three years, mainly doing IT work, but in the industry none the less. Over this last three years I’ve realized most people don’t know how to get a decent print from their digital camera, I’m going to share some really simple tips to help with this.
- Shoot better
- Understand your camera
- Take a class
- Learn what white balance is
- Know what size print you are ordering from what size file
- How to crop your files and understand aspect ratios
- Making edits on your computer
- Don’t convert to grayscale
- Don’t print at home
- Order lots of samples
First and foremost, shoot better. Just like nearly anything else in life, the better you start with the better you end up with. Several months ago I gave you 5 tips for getting better photographs, if you haven’t read it, it is a good base.
Understand your camera and what all the little buttons and dials do on it; learn how to navigate through the menu options and what everything means. Back when most people shot film, they really only had a few choices, the two major ones were color or black and white. For color, they needed to choose chrome (aka slide or positive) or negative film. Once that choice was made, regular or tungsten, based on the lighting conditions and then onto the actual film characteristics and grain. Black and white was mostly about choosing the right speed film for the application and how much or little grain you wanted. Confused? Not a big deal, don’t get too worried about it. Be aware however that with your point and shoot digital camera, you have even more options than that, they are all laid out in your owners manual. Most of this stuff is pretty self explanatory, camera manufactures have presets for most conditions, take the few minutes to flip through the manual and figure them out, Auto mode isn’t always best.
Can’t get a grip on what all these terms are or what the crazy buttons and dials all mean? Look up the camera shop in your area, chances are they offer cheap or free classes on the basics of photograph and / or basics of digital cameras. These classes, usually under $20, are designed to help you feel more confident with your camera so you can enjoy it, not be mad at it. Usually they are anywhere from 30 minutes to three hours long and a once and done class, this isn’t something to be scared about getting locked into. Want more knowledge, check with the local community college, most now offer several levels of digital photography classes.
White balance is a funny thing that no one outside of photographers really seems to grasp onto, but it is possibly the single most important element in digital photography. Without going into some crazy dissertation as to what it is, I’ll simply give you an example. The image on the right shows streetlights, you can see how green they are, this is something we should all be familiar with. In the example on the right of the fluorescent bulbs, often seen in schools and office buildings, you can see how white / blue they are. They are both light bulbs however they shine at a different temperature, this is called Kelvin. If you were to hold a piece of white paper under each of these light sources, you would see the color cast projected onto them.

All digital cameras made in the last 5+ years have a setting to adjust the white balance in them; this is meant to compensate for the different color light that emits from different sources. Auto works most of the time, however it fails miserably when shooting in school gyms or outside at night with no flash. Camera manufactures have made this fairly easy, making the choices in most models symbols of what each light looks like. Look at your situation, look at the camera’s white balance symbols and match them up.
Understanding what size print is native to your camera and associating that with a print is possibly one of the most painful experiences I’ve seen consumers make while working in the industry. It is simple math once you understand it, but too many choices have confused the hell out of nearly everyone. Most point and shot digital cameras on the market shoot in 4:3rds mode. This means that the aspect ratio is 4:3. Since I’m aiming this article at the amateur photographer, I won’t get anyone confused with the DSLR market. That said most people who have had film pictures printed are pretty used to ordering a 4×6” print. Problem is, your shiny new point and shoot digital has a native picture size of 4×5.3”, not 4×6”. One of two things will happen, depending on who does your printing, cropping will occur or you will end up with two thin white borders on your images. It gets even more confusing when you start to look at larger sizes, such as 5×7, 8×10, etc. It is crucial that you either do cropping ahead of time on your computer or you find a place that will give you the proper aspect ratio prints, these are sometimes referred to as 4xD, D for digital, but usually just called 4×5.3 or 4×5.33 prints.
Exploring this cropping a bit more, I found a piece of [Windows only] free software called JPEGCrops, a super simple program that allows you to crop to a specific size and maintain proper aspect ratio. I personally do all of my cropping in Adobe Photoshop, however spending a grand on a piece of software isn’t in everyone’s budget and this is not only free, but super small, fast and really easy to use.
Download and install it, then go to Start > Programs > JPEGCrops to launch it. Take a moment to familiarize yourself with the layout; I’m not paid by the guy who wrote it, I just think it’s a nice little program. This also means I’m not his tech support, however we will customize the settings a bit to make it more user friendly and I will answer questions that I am capable of.
Click File > Preferences, this brings up Settings applet. Delete out the sizes you won’t be using, mostly anything that is in centimeters and the European paper sizes like A4. When you are done with that, highlight 4×5 and then Edit that size so it is 4×5.3. You may want to check with whoever is doing your printing to see if they offer other sizes, like 8×12 and add those in there as well. For convenience, I suggest moving the 4×5.3 and 4×6 options to the top. When you are done, click OK at the bottom of the applet to return to the program

Click the Open Images button to select an image to work with and select the 4×5.3 size, you may need to tick the Flip Aspect button depending if you are working with a horizontal or vertical images. You should see no cropping occurring.
Now select the 4×6 crop option from the drop down box and notice where the cropping will occur on the image, this is what I was talking about when I said order the proper size print from the proper file. Had you gone ahead and ordered a 4×6, you’d loose a sliver off each side, not a big deal in this photo; it can be in others though.

You can do this with any size you are ordering, just make sure you do crop and order the proper size. A word to the wise, when you save, do not over-write your original. Save the image as a new file, I’d suggest appending the file name with _cropped, so you know next time you go to order.
To crop in closer to the subject matter, simply left click on the corner of the white outline and drag inwards. Because the aspect ratio is set, you can’t free crop and screw this up. In the example below, I’ve cropped in closer to the subject and maintained the 4×5.3 aspect ratio; this would mean ordering a 4×5.3 print would also be in order.

Digital photography has allowed us all to soft-proof on the computer prior to order, it also allows us to edit files. This is not entirely a good thing and you may be very unhappy with the print results if you don’t take a couple of steps prior to making edits on your home computer. Most computer monitors and nearly all laptops are not color balanced when you buy them, the brightness and contrast are usually set to 100%. This means that the colors you see on the monitor are not truly what the output is going to be on any given printer. To complicate matters, the ambient light in the room where you use your computer will have a direct reflection on what your eyes determine colors to be. I won’t bore you with the details, but be aware that making even slight adjustments to color, density, brightness or contrast to an image can be drastic changes on the printers end. If you are truly serious about editing on your computer, look into getting a monitor calibration unit. Every professional lab uses them to color balance their monitors. How can you check to see how bad your monitor is off color? Take a photograph of something you know and see daily that doesn’t change, like your front door, mailbox, etc. Ensuring you are properly exposed and the white balance is correct, send it off to a lab to have it printed with the request please do not make color corrections (more on this later). When you get the print, hold it up next to the subject you shot, it should be really close. Now take that same print and hold it next to your computer monitor with the digital file on screen and compare. I’m willing to bet you will be shocked at the difference you see. If you don’t want to spend the money on a calibration unit or go through the hassle of using it ever 4 weeks, learn to trust your lab’s judgment. Dan’s Camera has gone as far to post on their site,
If you are going to have Dan’s make prints for you, do not adjust the images. Our expert technicians use state of the art machines and software to adjust each image for you at No Charge. Since every computer monitor is calibrated differently, the corrections you make could negatively impact your photos. Feel free to crop, using a software program that maintains the proper proportions.
Don’t convert to grayscale if you want black & white prints. There are several ways in many different photo editing programs to get your images black & white, the trouble is, most offer grayscale as an option. Grayscale is a color space, not a conversion that will work anywhere properly, except for text printers. All labs and all printers print in the sRGB color space, converting to grayscale strips the important data out of your file that the printers need to make a quality black & white print. If you don’t know how to do the conversion properly, simply ask your lab to do it for you, most do at no extra charge and you’ll be more than pleased with the results.
I just suggested you send a sample photo off to your lab; note that I did not suggest you print it at home. Home printing of digital files is not only complicated, it’s downright expensive. There is more color management and calibration to do and the cost per print when you factor in the printers cost, ink and paper is usually 4-20 times that of a real lab. Most home inkjet prints also start to fade within a few years. The only time I advise someone to purchase and use a printer at home for digital photography prints is if they need instant gratification, say if a grandparent is in town and wants prints of their new grandbaby. Outside of that, avoid them.
Order lots and lots of sample prints! The digital print market is booming, as a result, most places give away 10-20 digital prints, shipping on these freebies is usually only a buck or two, so give them a test ride. I’m making this suggestion because every lab is different. There is no given industry standard for matte or glossy paper, most places use Kodak or Fuji, however there are dozens of different finishes for each. Other factors will come into play as well, such as speed of delivery, cost of shipping, customer service, quality of packaging, so on and so on. I’d also highly suggest giving your local lab a try. Chances are they are a few pennies more than the big box store, but they will more than likely better build a rapport with you and give you much better customer service. Building a rapport can be extremely important when you need favors out of them, such as a same day rush on prints, something you can’t always get from an online or big box service. Another thing to consider is the level of corrections being given to your prints. Some places now offer a no correction checkbox. If you are comfortable with your monitor setup and have done samples, use this, for most people, don’t use this option. Nearly every major lab, even the big box stores, has someone sitting at a printer looking at your files and making color corrections to them. This is done to give you the best quality print. Getting samples made from several different sources will help show you who is doing what and to what extent. When you find a lab you like, stick with them! Additionally, when you place your sample order, use the same set of photos for each place! I know it is really tempting to order 10 from here and 10 from there and so on, but use the same set of files. This will allow you to really compare the print quality from store to store. Some of the places I’d suggest trying out are:
Concluding, photography is very much a growing hobby and passion for many people now, it can also be extremely frustrating, like any new hobby. Ask questions, don’t be afraid to take classes, learn as much as you can, it will all pay off in the end.
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